Comparison of sealing ability of lateral and vertical techniques in two different post space preparations

Introduction: The purpose of this study was to compare the apical sealing ability of lateral and vertical compaction techniques following immediate and delayed post space preparation.Materials and Methods: Seventy-four distal and palatal roots of human extracted molars were instrumented and randomly divided into 4 experimental groups (n=15), two experimental control groups (n=5), and two positive and negative leakage controls (n=2). Canals were filled by lateral (groups 1 and 2) and vertical (groups 3 and 4) compaction techniques using Tubliseal sealer. Post space was prepared immediately after obturation in group 1 and after seven days in groups 2 and 4 using a # 3 Peeso drill. In group 3, post space was prepared immediately during down-packing phase. The teeth were kept in 2% methylen blue dye for seven days. The roots were sectioned buccolingually and the mean score of dye penetration was measured. Data was analyzed with T-test and one way ANOVA.Results: There was significant difference in dye penetration between delayed and control-lateral compaction groups (p=0.009). There was also a significant difference in dye penetration between immediate and delayed lateral compaction groups (p=0.044). Conclusion: Less apical leakage in the cold lateral condensation and immediate post space preparation group was observed

Simulating peak ground acceleration by general regression and radial basis function and other neural networks in some regions of the world

Recording of ground motions with high amplitudes of  acceleration and velocity play a key role for designing engineering projects.Here we try to represent a reasonable prediction of peak ground acceleration which may create more than 1g acceleration in different regions. In this study, applying different structures of Neural Networks and using four key parameters , moment magnitude, rupture distance,  site class , style of faulting which an earthquake may cause serious effects on a site. We introduced a Radial Basis Function Network(RBF) with mean error of 14×10-3,as the best network for estimating the occurance probability of an earthquake with large value of PGA ?1g in a region. Also the result of applying Back propagation feed forward neural network(FFBP) for predicting high value of PGA, with Mean error of 17×10-3 , show a good coincidence with the result of the designed RBF Network. Keywords:Peak ground acceleration, Moment magnitude, Rupture distance, site class, Radial basis function, General regression neural network,

An overview of VANET vehicular networks

Today, with the development of intercity and metropolitan roadways and with various cars moving in various directions, there is a greater need than ever for a network to coordinate commutes. Nowadays, people spend a lot of time in their vehicles. Smart automobiles have developed to make that time safer, more effective, more fun, pollution-free, and affordable. However, maintaining the optimum use of resources and addressing rising needs continues to be a challenge given the popularity of vehicle users and the growing diversity of requests for various services. As a result, VANET will require modernized working practices in the future. Modern intelligent transportation management and driver assistance systems are created using cutting-edge communication technology. Vehicular Ad-hoc networks promise to increase transportation effectiveness, accident prevention, and pedestrian comfort by allowing automobiles and road infrastructure to communicate entertainment and traffic information. By constructing thorough frameworks, workflow patterns, and update procedures, including block-chain, artificial intelligence, and SDN (Software Defined Networking), this paper addresses VANET-related technologies, future advances, and related challenges. An overview of the VANET upgrade solution is given in this document in order to handle potential future problems

Geographical pattern of in-hospital mortality due to myocardial infarction in Iran

Background and purpose: So far, no spatial analysis of in-hospital mortality due to myocardial infarction (MI) has been conducted in Iran. The present study was performed to determine the geographical pattern of mortality due to myocardial infarction in Iran. Materials and methods: In a prospective hospital-based study, we used the data of cases with MI registered by Myocardial Infarction Registry of Iran, 2012. For spatial analysis, LISA, Global Moran’s I, and Getis-Ord’s statistics were used. Data was analyzed using Stata software and ArcGIS 9.3 Results: A total of 20,750 patients was admitted to hospital due to MI and 2511 (12.1%) deaths occurred (median age at death: 65.2 ± 15.2). The incidence of death from MI did not follow a particular pattern (Moran's Index: 0.141, P-value = 0.126). The highest standardized incidence rates of in-hospital mortality from MI in 100,000 population were observed in Ardebil (31), North Khorasan (23.7), Yazd (20.2), West Azerbaijan (19.1) and Khuzestan (18.4). The lowest incidence rates were found in Sistan-Baluchestan and Khorasan provinces. Conclusion: This study supports the hypothesis of random pattern of mortality due to myocardial infarction in Iran

Serum leptin level has a positive correlation with BMI and creatinine clearance in CAPD patients

Objective: In a cross sectional study, 75 patients (42 males and 33 females) on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) were enrolled from October 2007 to February 2008. Serum levels of leptin, albumin, triglyceride, dialysis adequacy (total KTN), renal creatinine clearance (Cr Cl), mid arm circumference and demographic findings were measured in all patients. Results: The mean age of patients was 53+/-14.76. The history of hemodialysis was seen in 23 patients. Mean serum leptin level in women and men were 27+/-23 mu g/l and 16+/-13 mu g/l, respectively. A significant correlation of serum leptin level with body mass index (BMI) (p0.05). Conclusions: To our knowledge, this is probably the first study to report that serum leptin level has a direct positive correlation with renal Cr Cl in CAPD patients. This may explain the increase in mortality in patients with lower serum leptin levels (Tab. 2, Fig. 2, Ref. 25). Full Text in PDF www.elis.sk

Allopourinol effect on reducing proteinuria in diabetic retinopathy

Background: Diabetic nephropathy is the most prevalent cause of end stage renal disease (ESRD). Besides, factors such as angiotensin-II, cytokines, and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), uric acid may play a role as the underlying cause of diabetic nephropathy. Therefore, decreasing serum level of uric acid can be effective in treatment of diabetic nephropathy. Methods: This was a double-blinded, randomized, clinical trial in which 40 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) and diabetic nephropathy with proteinuria (at least 500 mg/24h) and serum creatinine (Cr) level 0.05). Serum level of uric acid and 24 hour urine protein were significantly lower in control group, after four months of receiving allopurinol, compared with control group (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Low dose allopurinol (100mg/day) reduces severity of proteinuria after four months of taking, which is probably due to decreasing the serum level of uric acid. So, allopurinol can be administered as an adjuvant, cheap, and low side-effect therapy for patients with diabetic nephropathy

Effect of Entrance Froude Number on Vertical Distribution Velocity and Concentration in Turbidity Current Using Experimental Study

Source: ICHE Conference Archive - https://mdi-de.baw.de/icheArchiv

Effect of Allopurinol in Decreasing Proteinuria in Type 2 Diabetic Patients

Introduction. Diabetic nephropathy is the most prevalent cause of end-stage renal disease. Besides factors such as angiotensin II, cytokines, and vascular endothelial growth factor, uric acid may play a role as the underlying cause of diabetic nephropathy. We evaluated allopurinol effects on proteinuria in diabetic patients with nephropathy. Materials and Methods. In a double-blinded randomized controlled trial on 40 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and diabetic nephropathy (proteinuria, at least 500 mg/24 h and a serum creatinine level less than 3 mg/dL), allopurinol (100 mg/d) was compared with placebo. Administration of antihypertensive and renoprotective drugs (angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin receptor blockers continued for both groups, without changes in dosage. Proteinuria was compared at baseline and 2 and 4 months between the two groups. Results. Each group consisted of 9 men and 11 women. There were no difference between two groups regarding age, body mass index, duration of diabetes mellitus, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, fasting blood glucose, blood urea nitrogen, serum creatinine, serum potassium, and urine volume. Serum levels of uric acid (P = .02) and 24-hour urine protein (P = .049) were significantly lower in the patients on allopurinol, after 4 months of receiving allopurinol, compared with the control group. Conclusions. Low-dose allopurinol can reduce severity of proteinuria after 4 months of drug administration, which is probably due to decreasing the serum level of uric acid. Thus, allopurinol can be administered as an adjuvant cost-effective therapy for patients with diabetic nephropathy

Modélisation de la relation entre les composantes de connaissances et les compétences d’élèves pour l’apprentissage de l’expression algébrique dans les écoles secondaires à l’aide de la méthode AHM

The purpose of this study is to apply the Attribute Hierarchy Method (AHM) in the cognitive domains of algebraic expressions to find cognitive inferences about students’ mathematical problem-solving skills. Initially, cognitive content techniques were developed to determine the knowledge and skills needed to solve mathematical assignments. Then, items were written specifically to assess skills in cognitive models. Finally, confirmatory psychometric analyses were used to evaluate students' response information by estimating the proportionality of the data model, attribute probabilities to report the diagnostic score and attribute validity. The first domain is concerned with the cognition and diagnosis of general polynomials and algebraic expressions and encompasses other areas. Therefore, the focus is on the precise definition of the basic concepts of the recognition of polynomials such as the polynomials and the number of very important terms and similar monomials and incorrect learning of algebra. Nevertheless, in the second domain, which focuses on simplification and related concepts, less emphasis has been placed on the seventh to ninth grades. The defect in the expression and practice of this field leads to weakness in solving and analyzing relevant mathematical problems. The third domain is related to the second domain and directly to the first domain. Factorization and distributive properties are often used without considering the rules of simplification by students. The weakness associated with the second domain causes the students not to be able to easily analyze and solve the problem in difficult polynomials in which the rules do not apply easily.L’objectif principal de cette étude est d’appliquer la méthode de hiérarchie d'attributs dans les domaines cognitifs d’expressions algébriques pour trouver d’inférences cognitives concernant les compétences d’élèves en résolution de problèmes mathématiques. Initialement, des techniques de contenu cognitif ont été développées pour déterminer les connaissances et les compétences nécessaires pour résoudre des problèmes de mathématiques. » Ensuite, l’on a écrit d’articles spécifiquement pour évaluer les compétences en modèles cognitifs. Enfin, des analyses psychométriques de confirmation ont été utilisées pour évaluer les informations sur la réponse d’étudiants en estimant la proportionnalité du modèle de données, les probabilités d’attributs pour rendre compte du résultat diagnostique et la validité d’attributs. » Le premier domaine concerne la connaissance et le diagnostic des polynômes généraux et des termes algébriques, et comprend d'autres domaines. Conséquemment, l’accent est mis sur la définition précise de concepts de base de la reconnaissance des polynômes tels que les polynômes et le nombre de termes très importants et de monômes similaires et l’apprentissage incorrect de l’algèbre. Cependant, dans le deuxième domaine, qui met l'accent sur simplification et concepts connexes, moins d'attention a été accordée aux septième à neuvième années. Le défaut dans l'expression et dans la pratique de ce domaine entraîne une faiblesse dans résolution et analyse de problèmes mathématiques pertinents. Le troisième domaine est lié au deuxième domaine et directement au premier domaine. La factorisation et les propriétés distributives sont souvent utilisées sans tenir compte des règles de simplification appliquées par les étudiants. La faiblesse du deuxième domaine empêche les étudiants d'analyser et de résoudre facilement le problème dans des polynômes difficiles dans lesquels les règles ne s'appliquent pas facilement